The Qur'an began with the divine revelations in 610 AD sent to Prophet Muhammad. The verses of the Qur'an were written down and memorized during his life. After his death and the bloody battle of Yamama in December of 632, written collections started to take form. The caliph Uthman standardized one particular text in c. 653/654 AD. The text was later given vowel pointing and punctuation in the seventh and eighth centuries.